BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies) |
3 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
| BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | |
| Condensed Financial Statements |
Condensed Financial Statements – The accompanying condensed financial statements prepared by Ring Energy, Inc. (the “Company” or “Ring”) have not been audited by an independent registered public accounting firm. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the accompanying unaudited financial statements contain all adjustments necessary for fair presentation of the results of operations for the periods presented, which adjustments were of a normal recurring nature, except as disclosed herein. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021, are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2021, for various reasons, including as a result of the impact of fluctuations in prices received for oil and natural gas, natural production declines, the uncertainty of exploration and development drilling results, fluctuations in the fair value of derivative instruments, the impacts of COVID-19 and other factors. These unaudited condensed financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information, and, accordingly, do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. Therefore, these financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. |
| Reclassifications |
Reclassifications – Certain prior period amounts relating to components of operating expense have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation within “Costs and Operating Expenses” in the Statement of Operations. Additionally, certain prior amounts associated with realized and unrealized gains (losses) have been reclassified within the Statement of Operations and Statements of Cash Flows to conform with current year presentation. |
| Organization and Nature of Operations |
Organization and Nature of Operations – The Company is a Nevada corporation that owns interests in oil and natural gas properties located in Texas and New Mexico. The Company’s oil and natural gas sales, profitability and future growth are dependent upon prevailing and future prices for oil and natural gas and the successful acquisition, exploration and development of oil and natural gas properties. Oil and natural gas prices have historically been volatile and may be subject to wide fluctuations in the future. A substantial decline in oil and natural gas prices could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, cash flows and quantities of oil and natural gas reserves that may be economically produced. |
| COVID - 19 |
COVID - 19 – In March 2020, the World Health Organization classified the outbreak of COVID-19 as a pandemic. The nature of COVID-19 led to worldwide shutdowns, reductions in commercial and interpersonal activity and changes in consumer behavior. In attempting to control the spread of COVID-19, governments around the world imposed laws and regulations such as shelter-in-place orders, quarantines, executive orders and similar restrictions. As a result, the global economy has been marked by significant slowdown and uncertainty, which in turn has led to a precipitous decline in oil prices in response to decreased demand, further exacerbated by global energy storage shortages and by the price war among members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (“OPEC”) and other non-OPEC producer nations (collectively with OPEC members, “OPEC+”) during the first quarter 2020. As of the first quarter 2021, prices have recovered to pre-pandemic levels, due in part to the accessibility of vaccines, reopening of states after the lockdown, and optimism about the economic recovery. The continued spread of COVID-19, including-vaccine resistant strains, or repeated deterioration in oil and natural gas prices could result in additional adverse impacts on the Company's results of operations, cash flows and financial position, including further asset impairments. |
| Liquidity and Capital Considerations |
Liquidity and Capital Considerations – We strive to maintain an adequate liquidity level to address volatility and risk. Sources of liquidity include our cash flow from operations, cash on hand, available borrowing capacity under our credit facility and proceeds from sales of non-strategic assets. While changes in oil and natural gas prices affect the Company's liquidity, the Company has put in place hedges to protect, to some extent, its cash flows from such price declines; however, if oil or natural gas prices rapidly deteriorate due to a resurgence of COVID-19 or other reasons, this could have a material adverse effect on the Company's cash flows. The Company expects ongoing oil price volatility over the short term. Extended depressed oil prices have historically had and could continue to have a material adverse impact on the Company’s oil revenue, which is mitigated to some extent by the Company’s hedge contracts. The Company is always mindful to oil price volatility and its impact on our liquidity. The Company believes that it has the ability to continue to fund its operations and service its debt by using cash on hand, cash flows from operations and cash flows from its derivative contracts. |
| Use of Estimates |
Use of Estimates – The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company’s unaudited condensed financial statements are based on a number of significant estimates, including estimates of oil and natural gas reserve quantities, which are the basis for the calculation of depletion and impairment of oil and gas properties. Reserve estimates, by their nature, are inherently imprecise. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Changes in the future estimated oil and natural gas reserves or the estimated future cash flows attributable to the reserves that are utilized for impairment analysis could have a significant impact on the Company’s future results of operations. |
| Fair Value Measurements |
Fair Value Measurements – Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). The Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) has established a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. This hierarchy consists of three broad levels. Level 1 inputs are the highest priority and consist of unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities. Level 2 are inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 3 are unobservable inputs for an asset or liability. |
| Fair Value of Financial Instruments |
Fair Values of Financial Instruments – The carrying amounts reported for the revolving line of credit approximate their fair value because the underlying instruments are at interest rates which approximate current market rates. The carrying amounts of accounts receivables and accounts payable and other current assets and liabilities approximate fair value because of the short-term maturities and/or liquid nature of these assets and liabilities. |
| Derivative Instruments and Commodity Risk Activities |
Derivative Instruments and Commodity Risk Activities – The Company may periodically enter into derivative contracts to manage its exposure to commodity risk. These derivative contracts, which are generally placed with major financial institutions, may take the form of forward contracts, futures contracts, swaps or options. The oil and gas reference prices upon which the commodity derivative contracts are based reflect various market indices that have a high degree of historical correlation with actual prices received by the Company for its oil and gas production. Any gains or losses resulting from changes in fair value of outstanding derivative financial instruments and from the settlement of derivative financial instruments are recognized in earnings and included as a component of other income (expense) in the Statement of Operations. When applicable, the Company records all derivative instruments, other than those that meet the normal purchases and sales exception, on the balance sheet as either an asset or liability measured at fair value. Changes in fair value are recognized currently in earnings unless specific hedge accounting criteria are met. The change in fair value resulted in the recognition of a loss on the change in fair value of $31,588,639 for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and a gain on the change in fair value of $50,420,809 for the three months ended March 31, 2020. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company had a realized loss of $5,920,791 on derivatives, which included proceeds of $581,424 from the unwind of the Company’s remaining gas swaps for 2020 and 2021. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company had a realized gain of $3,334,128 on derivatives. |
| Concentration of Credit Risk and Major Customers |
Concentration of Credit Risk and Major Customers – The Company had $1,450,510 of cash in excess of federally insured limits at March 31, 2021 and $3,328,634 of cash in excess of federally insured limits at March 31, 2020. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, sales to three customers represented 74%, 8% and 6%, respectively, of the Company’s oil and gas revenues. At March 31, 2021, these three customers made up 82%, 1% and 5%, respectively, of the Company’s accounts receivable. Approximately 97% of the Company’s accounts receivables and joint interest billing receivables are from purchasers of oil and gas. Oil and gas sales are generally unsecured. The Company has not had any significant credit losses in the past and believes its accounts and joint interest billing receivables are fully collectable. Accordingly, no allowance for credit losses has been provided at March 31, 2021. The Company also has joint interest billing receivables which are collateralized by the pro rata revenue attributable to the joint interest holders and further by the interest itself. |
| Oil and Gas Properties |
Oil and Gas Properties – The Company uses the full cost method of accounting for oil and gas properties. Under this method, all costs associated with the acquisition, leasing, exploration and development of oil and gas reserves are capitalized. Costs capitalized include acquisition costs, estimated future costs of abandonment and site restoration, geological and geophysical expenditures, lease rentals on undeveloped properties and costs of drilling and equipping productive and non-productive wells. Drilling costs include directly related overhead costs. Capitalized costs are generally categorized either as being subject to amortization or not subject to amortization. All our costs are subject to amortization. All capitalized costs of oil and gas properties, plus estimated future costs to develop proved reserves, are amortized on the unit-of-production method using estimates of proved reserves as determined by independent petroleum engineers. The Company evaluates oil and gas properties for impairment quarterly. The Company did not incur a write down on oil and natural gas properties as a result of the ceiling test for the three months ended March 31, 2021 or for the three months ended March 31, 2020. Depreciation, depletion and amortization expense for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was $8,108,158 based on depletion at the rate of $11.24, per barrel of oil equivalent compared to $13,682,996, based on depletion at the rate of $13.81 per barrel of oil equivalent for the three months ended March 31, 2020. These amounts include $60,970 and $111,191 of depreciation for the three months ended March 31, 2021 March 31, 2020, respectively. |
| Equipment, vehicles and leasehold improvements |
Equipment, vehicles and leasehold improvements – Office equipment is valued at historical cost adjusted for impairment loss less accumulated depreciation. Historical costs include all direct costs associated with the acquisition of office equipment and placing such equipment in service. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method based upon an estimated useful life of 3 to 10 years. |
| Asset Retirement Obligation |
Asset Retirement Obligation – The Company records a liability in the period in which an asset retirement obligation (“ARO”) is incurred, in an amount equal to the discounted estimated fair value of the obligation that is capitalized. Thereafter, this liability is accreted up to the final estimated retirement cost. An ARO is a future expenditure related to the disposal or other retirement of certain assets. The Company’s ARO relates to future plugging and abandonment expenses of its oil and natural gas properties and related facilities disposal. |
| Stock-Based Employee Compensation |
Share-Based Employee Compensation – The Company has outstanding stock option grants and restricted stock awards to directors, officers and employees, which are described more fully in Note 11. The Company recognizes the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award and recognizes the related compensation expense over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award, which is generally the vesting period. |
| Share-Based Compensation to Non-Employees |
Share-Based Compensation to Non-Employees – The Company accounts for share-based compensation issued to non-employees as either the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, whichever is more reliably measurable. The measurement date for these issuances is the earlier of (i) the date at which a commitment for performance by the recipient to earn the equity instruments is reached or (ii) the date at which the recipient’s performance is complete. |
| Income Taxes |
Income Taxes – Provisions for income taxes are based on taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred taxes. Deferred taxes are based on differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements, and tax carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are included in the financial statements at currently enacted income tax rates applicable to the period in which the deferred tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for income taxes. The CARES Act was enacted March 27, 2020 and includes income tax provisions that, among other things, allow net operating losses to be carried back, permits interest expense to be deducted up to a higher percentage of adjusted taxable income and modifies tax depreciation of qualified improvement property. Due to the Company having taxable losses in all years eligible for the NOL carryback, no benefit was recorded and these provisions have no material impact on the Company. For the period ended March 31, 2021, the Company recorded no income tax expense or benefit due to the Company having a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets. Since December 31, 2020, the Company has determined that a full valuation allowance is necessary due to the Company assessment that it is more likely than not that it will be unable to obtain the benefits of its deferred tax assets due to the Company’s history of taxable losses. The Company reviews its Deferred Tax Assets (“DTAs”) and valuation allowance on a quarterly basis. The Company anticipates that it will continue to record a valuation allowance against its DTAs until such time it is able to determine it is more likely than not that its DTAs will be realized. As a result of this analysis, the Company determined that a full valuation allowance of $54,397,696 was necessary against its net deferred tax asset as of March 31, 2021. |
| New and Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements |
New and Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements – In August 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Updated (“ASU”) 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (“ASU 2018-13”). ASU 2018-13 eliminates, adds and modifies certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurement. ASU 2018-13 is effective for annual and interim periods beginning January 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted for either the entire standard or only the provisions that eliminate or modify requirements. ASU 2018-13 requires that the additional disclosure requirements be adopted using a retrospective approach. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements. Effective January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The purpose of this guidance is to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing certain lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. See Note 3 for a discussion of the impact on the Company’s financial statements. In December 2019, the FASB released ASU No. 2019-12 (“ASU 2019-12”), Income Taxes (Topic 740) – Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which removes certain exceptions for recognizing deferred taxes for investments, performing intraperiod allocation and calculating income taxes in interim periods. The ASU also adds guidance to reduce complexity in certain areas, including recognizing deferred taxes for tax goodwill and allocating taxes to members of a consolidated group. The amended standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020.The adoption of ASU 2019-12 did not have a material impact to the Company’s consolidated financial statements or disclosures. In October 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-10, “Codification Improvements,” which clarifies or improves disclosure requirements for various topics to align with SEC regulations. This update is effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of 2021 and will be applied retrospectively. The adoption and implementation of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements. |
| Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share | Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share – Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if all contracts to issue common stock were converted into common stock, except for those that are anti-dilutive. The dilutive effect of stock options and other share-based compensation is calculated using the treasury method |